Web Page No 2462
2nd April 2018
First Picture: Washing Day
Second Picture: Kitchen CabinetsThird Picture: Gas Iron
Forth Picture: Everything was plugged into the light socket !!!!!
When a woman's week revolved
around the washing
A remarkable book has
shown how very different things were for housewives in
the Fifties, once married, women could expect to spend up
to 15 hours a day on their household chores . . .
One
lady, when her first child arrived in 1952, resigned from her job and turned to
the task of caring for her husband, her home and her family.
For the next 15 years, she shopped, cooked,
cleaned, mended, scrubbed, laundered and baby-minded. She spent much of her
life clad in an apron — scraping carrots, scouring a frying pan or rubbing her
way through a mighty pile of dirty washing. Or she’s pegging out nappies or
darning a frayed sleeve. In all these activities, my mother was absolutely
typical of a generation for whom marriage and home were the twin pinnacles of
aspiration.
Yet, today, a journey into the Fifties can seem like alighting on another planet.
What was it really like? For most married women,
the dramas of their everyday lives were played out beside the washing line,
around the stove or at the kitchen sink. They had few hours to call their own.
In 1951, for instance, a Mass Observation survey revealed that housewives in
the London suburbs were spending an incredible 15 hours a day on domestic
activities. Perhaps that figure isn’t quite so surprising when you learn that,
by the start of the decade, only around 4% of British households owned a
washing machine. Just 16 % owned some form of electric water heater. A quarter
of homes were still cooking on coal ranges.
Many households still relied on much of the same
basic equipment and materials that their parents and grandparents had used.
Everyone knew that homes had to be spring-cleaned, rooms regularly ‘turned
out’, carpets beaten, paintwork and curtains washed — just as they’d always
been. There was only one person to do the lot, while also looking after the
children, making all the meals and making sure that everything was ironed —
right down to the baby’s dresses and pram sheets. No wonder the housewife’s familiar
lament was that her work never seemed to get done.
In desperation, many turned to magazines for
guidance that set out the average housewife’s day with the precision of a
railway timetable.
‘She will rise at 7.15,’ it commands. ‘Breakfast is
a rolling meal. She and her husband will eat theirs first, before he leaves for
work at 8.15, at which time the children come on stream.
‘Once fed, they are packed off to school at quarter
to nine. Then the real work begins: turning down beds and opening windows,
washing up, dusting and tidying, followed by “weekly work”.
And what might that weekly work be? The Housewives’
Pocket Book has all the rigid answers:
Monday: Laundry.
Tuesday: Clean out bedroom and landing. Ironing in
evening.
Wednesday: Clean out children’s bedroom and do
stairs. Mending in evening.
Thursday: Clean out hall, bathroom, WC, cooking
stove.
Friday: Clean out living rooms ready for weekend;
baking for weekend, cleaning silver.
Saturday: Weekend shopping; change all linen,
towels etc.
Once the housewife has done her allotted weekly
tasks, she’s permitted a short rest at 11am, when she may put her feet up. Then
she must go shopping, after which she can have lunch, followed by a 45-minute
‘personal recreation’ period. Tea must be on the table by 4.15pm. After tea,
she must ‘tidy herself’, and prepare the evening meal, which will be served at
6.30pm. The children should be packed off to bed at 7.30pm. Then, unless the
housewife needs to catch up on ironing and mending, she can more or less relax with
her husband until bedtime.
It may seem extraordinary now that anyone felt they
should follow these rules to the letter. But the evidence is that many women
took them extremely seriously. It was a matter of pride for the self-respecting
housewife to have her whites blowing on the line where everyone could see them
by Monday lunchtime.
One housewife wrote in her diary about her
embarrassment one Saturday, when her daughter-in-law insisted on doing the
washing on a Saturday night. What on earth would the neighbours think when they
saw it hanging on the line? Early on Sunday morning, she crept down to the
garden in dressing gown and slippers to unpeg the offending articles before
anyone could notice them.
Washing, drying and ironing dominated women’s
lives. Blankets, sheets, curtains and clothes were all hand-washed, using water
boiled up in a vast copper, then rinsed and put through an unwieldy
wrought-iron mangle. Cleanliness was next to godliness —and that extended to
the net curtains.
Even after all the jobs were done, Fifties
magazines — such as Good Housekeeping — were spurring the homemaker to do more.
Here she’d learn that her sinks should be disinfected and her dishcloths
regularly boiled. Her cupboards should be full of home-made jam, jellies and
bottled beans, and her children’s nutritious packed lunches made the night
before.
Did women find this truly fulfilling? Maybe some
did, but plenty look back on their endless tasks with something akin to horror.
One housewife spoke for millions when she wrote this diary entry on June 26,
1950: ‘I have washed. And being a good drying day, also ironed; been to the
library, bought rations, typed a letter, had two cups tea, and here I am . .
.Housework is endless.
Food shopping, as The Housewives’ Pocket Book said
needed to be done daily. Most people didn’t have fridges, so food that lingered
too long in the pantry led to many outbreaks of food poisoning in the summer.
In 1951, a Mass Observation survey revealed that the average housewife spent 57
minutes a day shopping for necessities.
Grocery stores weighed goods individually. Cheese
was sliced off the block with a wire, and butter was moulded with wooden
paddles into half-pound rounds. At the butcher’s, entire carcases hung from
hooks, while pigs’ heads stared balefully from behind the counter. You chose
the cut you wanted and, if the price was too high when the butcher weighed it,
you had it cut down to the size. Chicken was a luxury, but every housewife knew
the difference between a boiling fowl and one to roast. Cabbage, cauliflower
and Brussels sprouts were preferred to spinach or pumpkins, which were rarely
available. Avocados and fruit-flavoured yogurt were unknown
From the moment commercial television arrived in
1955, people on buses could be heard humming the advertising jingles. Suddenly,
everything seemed to be changing fast. The High Street shops was being
threatened by self-service supermarkets. By 1958, these already had a 17 %
share of the grocery market.
Why soak porridge oats overnight when you could buy
cornflakes, or Ready Brek? Why make a sponge cake from scratch when you could
concoct ‘the perfect sponge in 12 minutes with Green’s Sponge Mixture.’ For an
easy evening meal, there was Birds Eye Quick-frozen Chicken Pie followed by
Lyons Ready-Mix Suet Puddings.
There could be little doubt that the life of the
housewife was being transformed — at least in some ways.
Keep in
touch
Yours
Peter
gsseditor@gmail.com
You Write:
News and Views:
ON THIS DAY 2nd
April 1960-1965
On 02/02/1960 the number one single was My
Old Man's a Dustman - Lonnie Donegan and the number one album was South
Pacific Soundtrack.
The top rated TV show was The Budget
(All Channels) and the box office smash was Psycho. A pound of today's money was worth £13.68 and Burnley were on the way to becoming the Season's Division 1
champions. The big news story of the day was Budget increases price of cigarettes by 2d a pack.
On 02/02/1961 the number one single was Wooden
Heart - Elvis Presley and
the number one album was South
Pacific Soundtrack.
The top rated TV show was No Hiding
Place (AR) and the box office smash was One
Hundred and One Dalmations. A
pound of today's money was worth £13.25
and Tottenham Hotspur were on
the way to becoming the Season's Division 1 champions.
On 02/02/1962 the number one single was Wonderful
Land - The Shadows and
the number one album was Blue Hawaii -
Elvis Presley. The top rated TV show was Coronation
Street (Granada) and
the box office smash was Lawrence
of Arabia. A
pound of today's money was worth £12.89
and Ipswich Town were on the way
to becoming the Season's Division 1 champions. The big news story of the day
was James Hanratty hanged for A6 murder.
On 02/02/1963 the number one single was Summer Holiday - Cliff Richard & the
Shadows and the number one album was Summer Holiday - Cliff Richard & the Shadows. The top rated TV
show was The Budget (All Channels)
and the box office smash was The Great
Escape. A pound of today's money was worth £12.64 and Everton
were on the way to becoming the Season's Division 1 champions.
On 02/02/1964 the number one single was Can't Buy Me Love - The Beatles and
the number one album was With the
Beatles - The Beatles. The top rated TV show was Coronation
Street (Granada) and
the box office smash was Dr
Strangelove. A
pound of today's money was worth £12.24
and Liverpool were on the way to
becoming the Season's Division 1 champions. The big news story of the day was Video recorder first demonstrated.
On 02/02/1965 the number one single was The
Last Time - Rolling Stones and
the number one album was Rolling Stones
Number 2 - The Rolling Stones. The top rated TV show was Coronation
Street (Granada) and
the box office smash was The Sound of
Music. A pound of today's money was worth £11.69 and Manchester
United were on the way to becoming the Season's Division 1 champions.